Machiavelli Locke And Plato Essays - Italian Politicians

Machiavelli Locke And Plato John Locke and Niccol Machiavelli are political thinkers writing in two unique terrains and two distinct occasions. Locke's seventeenth century England was very nearly polite war and Machiavelli's fifteenth century Italy was on the skirt of intrusion. However, understudies and political logicians still energetically read and discussion their works today. Would could it be that draws perusers to these works? Why, following 300 years, do we despite everything read Two Treatises on Government, Discourses on Livy, and The Prince? The response to those questions lies in every content itself, and cautious audit will deliver talks on those inquiries and numerous others. The focal point of this talk is to look at the treatment of the individuals by the two creators, to find what Machiavelli furthermore, Locke expound on the individuals' job in their various structures of government. Specifically, this paper looks to comprehend that job in respects to the political force each creator respects, or retains from, the individuals. In expansion, these medicines of intensity and the individuals will be contrasted with the compositions of another immortal political rationalist, Plato. By comparing Two Treatises on Government, Discourses on Livy, The Prince, and The Republic against each other, this paper will show how authors from three totally different hundreds of years all settled upon an indistinguishable thought of the connection between the intensity of the individuals and their job in government. This hypothesis isn't promptly obvious upon starting perusing of these creators. In fact, generally political logicians would contend that each creator has an unmistakable thought of what job the individuals play in government. In this way, a perfect spot to begin is in the contrasts of each creator's depiction of the individuals and the political force they use. Machiavelli, the most negative of the three essayists concerning people and human instinct, composes that all men can be blamed for that deformity which Livy calls vanity and irregularity (The Discourses on Livy, 115). He proceeds by composing: ...people [are] nothing other than a savage creature that, despite the fact that of a brutal and wild nature, has consistently been sustained in jail furthermore, in bondage (Discourses on Livy, 44). Creatures, that are by their tendency brutal, become terrified and confounded when discharged from bondage. Without the haven and food they had generally expected when tamed, they are more powerless to future endeavors at bondage. Man additionally gets frightened and confounded in opportunity in the wake of living under the administration of others. Machiavelli composes that these men need comprehension of open protection or open offense, and rapidly return underneath the burden that is regularly heavier than the one it had expelled from its neck a little previously (Discourses on Livy, 44). Men are easygoing like tamed pooches or cows, as indicated by this depiction, and have a job in administration of minimal political force. With Plato, there is a continuation of a similar subject began by Machiavelli. The individuals essentially assume a docile job in Plato's structure of government under the standard of rulers, blue-bloods, or rationalist lords. While talking about with Adeimantus the ideals and purpose for a system organized by thinkers, Plato doesn't illustrate men a lot more prominent than Machiavelli's bestial examination above. Undoubtedly, he depicts them as without any problem influenced and not well educated by those from outside who don't have a place and have burst in like plastered revelers, mishandling each other and reveling a preference for quarreling (The Republic, 179). For Plato, the biggest larger part of men comprise unknowledgeable masses that aggrieve the very gathering that can best lead them, the logicians. Indeed, even in a popularity based system, a system dependent on the will of the individuals, Plato doesn't give us an especially hopeful perspective on men. This system is made out of three sorts of men as indicated by Plato; the large number; the oligarchic; and the men generally deliberate naturally (The Republic, 243). The oligarchic guideline the city through the permit of the large number, and the deliberate standard in business through the hindrance of the large number. In this way, Machiavelli considers the to be as enslaved and Plato sees the individuals as foolish, both bound to political clumsiness. With Locke, be that as it may, the character of the individuals is recovered. The individuals, for Locke, speak to a political force much the same as power. In fact, the individuals are a definitive wellspring of power for Locke's administration, regardless of whether that legislature is an authoritative body or a sovereign. In the end section of his subsequent treatise, Locke subtleties the ways that administration can scatter when rulers abuse their capacity. The third way a ruler may disintegrate the administration is the point at which he subjectively modifies the balloters

CORPORATE FINANCE - ASSIGNMENT Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

CORPORATE FINANCE - ASSIGNMENT - Essay Example mpany is obvious and the organization has proclaimed a moderately high profit of 57p per share in the year 2008 which is a noteworthy improvement to the extent most recent multi year profits pronounced are concerned. With everything taken into account, our numerical technique for registering WACC proposes that GSK is profoundly disposed towards obligation financing, which is a prime explanation for the augmentation in WACC. We additionally close the way that drifting financing cost because of the current monetary condition diminishes the WACC and furthermore consider the company’s execution which thinks about the total compensation which at last ponders the profits proclaimed. It is prime proof of the way that the administration takes every single essential measure to diminish the expense of working together which is a significant thought for any and each business. The working, contributing and financing exercises of an organization are exceptionally convenient and valuable data for the clients of money related infrmation, for example, banks, speculators, budgetary experts, and so forth, on the grounds that these exercises change the monetary situation of the organization. Let us currently view a portion of the significant exercises that establish some connection with GSK’s money related position. GSK’s the executives has embraced sound business systems so as to guarantee smooth and productive running of its operational exercises. These systems have extended the money age from activities to  £ 9,055m in the year 2008 in contrast with earlier years. The purpose for this high figure of  £9,055 million are the two renamed arrangements; the money created from tasks is  £106 million lower than that given in GSK’s unaudited or anticipated records gave on fifth February 2009. Likewise keeping in see that drop-off in fluid ventures for the present year has been renamed from financing exercises to contributing exercises. Some bookkeeping heads that make changes in the exchange payables may have been a consequence of the development of items that the organization presented. GSK the board registers inventories on a

To tell the truth

To tell the truth On Tuesday night, I told the audience at my Central Meeting in Hackensack, NJ something that wasnt true. In this neck of the woods, people are very into the Yankees-Red Sox playoffs series. The high school that hosted the meeting provided wireless Internet access, so at the conclusion of my meeting I popped open my PowerBook, accessed the score, and announced to the crowd that the score was 2-0 in the second inning. That part was true. The problem was, I told this audience of ~230 people that the score was 2-0 in favor of the Red Sox. That part, as many of you may know, was not true. To make matters worse, during the reception afterwards in the lobby, I told people that the score was 6-0 (true) in favor of the Red Sox (definitely not true). I didnt realize my error until I was driving back to my hotel, listening to the game on the radio, and they kept talking about Mike Mussina (the Yankee pitcher) and his perfect game through 6 innings. I suddenly realized my error (I think I saw th e score, and just assumed the Red Sox were winning, for no particular reason)) and wondered if people would reconsider my credibility about everything else I had said that night. Im over that fear now, but last nights final presidential debate made me think even more about the format of our central meetings and information sessions. As you might guess, I do many presentations on MIT each year. And, for the most part, Im generally discussing the same talking points. I have plenty of stories, and I know waaay too much about MIT, but my job is to, in 30 or 60 or 90 minutes, encapsulate everything about MIT. So I hit on the central themes of MITs culture, the application process, and financial aid. And in order to have a good amount of time for audience QA (which really is the most fun part), Im constantly trying to do a balancing act between telling the stories that provide flavor and being concise. Often, Ill speak for longer than I intend (though Im much better at sticking to time limits than I was when I first started in this job) because I really want for you to understand all of those things that make MIT special and unique. So, I hope in the QA, youll ask some good questions which will allow me to tell you even more about MIT, to draw on all that Ive learned over my time as an MIT student, staff member, and alumnus.

Investigating Website

Investigating Website Introduction The advancement of technology has enabled businesses to seek technological solutions to improve operational efficiency. Companies have realized that operating on the frontiers of technology drives success and boosts the quality of service. However, regardless of the many benefits that technology brings, various challenges affect its adoption. Hacking has become a big concern for most organizations. Some of the software solutions used in businesses possess security risks as they are as vulnerable to attacks. Hackers are individuals with advanced skills in information technology and spend most of their time analyzing the vulnerabilities exposed by these solutions to find ways to penetrate the organizational systems. Established companies face the risk of hacking as the primary goal of these individuals is monetary gain by exposing sensitive company information including financial statements and trade secrets. They use sophisticated hacking tools that bypass the security perimeters put in place. Significantly, adhering to the security best practices can go a long way in discouraging hacking. Factors such turning on software updates, using the current versions, using strong antiviruses, and using monitoring tools such as IDS (intrusion detection systems) and IPS (intrusion prevention systems) can help mitigate these risks before they cause harm to the infrastructure in place. Fundamentally, the internet is considered insecure as it is not regulated. As such, users might download malware while visiting unverified sites that might compromise the system. As such, using firewalls and other monitoring tools can block the unwanted packets, thus serving as an additional layer of defense. Choosing the right network devices and software for the IT infrastructure is essential. Apart from improved efficiency, the software from recognized vendors ensures high security as they have enhanced features that block some common security threats. Software vulnerabilities and how to mitigate them Cross-scripting is one of the main attacks that affect systems in the contemporary society. This attack involves initiating malicious payloads into vulnerable web applications and software such as PAN-OS. Essentially, the hacker injects unencoded input into the output the web application generates. Most users usually visit unverified sites in the workplace during their free time to access information about entertainment, shopping experience, and general information about politics. Most of these sites might have malicious scripts injected in the web pages visited by end-user that might download into the computer. In many cases, these untrusted websites pop up with an attractive deadline to lure the end user to click on them. The hacker uses this opportunity to administer browser-side scripts to the targeted and unsuspecting end-user. Since the internet does not have security parameters to filter which content is malicious, the attackers take advantage to initiate attacks of this natur e. There exist two XSS attacks: reflected and stored attacks. For stored attacks, the injected scripts are severe and persistent as they permanently embed in the target end-users computer in the form of logs. When the user revisits the same site, the malicious script is replicated and it is permanently stored in the application database. On the other hand, the reflected attack appear when the injection is manifested in the form of error message when the end user tries accessing the website. Most of the reflected attacks are initiated by clicking web links that appear in emails. For instance, they tend to trick the user that he/she has won a prize and needs to click on the provided link to claim. The user is then prompted further to input personal details such as an email and phone number after which the script will be embedded into the target users email. Consequently, these two types of scripting attacks cause annoyance. They usually hijack the users sessions by redirecting to othe r sites that the customer did not request. This might lead to installing other malware such as Trojan horse and modifying content presented in the existing sites. There have been instances where cross-scripting attacks have resulted in changing the financial information of companies including their stock prices in the market. Other reports indicate that these attacks have compromised healthcare information by modifying prescribed dosage resulting in under-dose, or overdose. On the other hand, Synology and DSM software allow an authenticated-remote user to download any system file. The software does not consider the privileges each user as while accessing files. This possesses as a threat as the attack can use this capability to initiate cross-site scripting. However, ensuring the best practices when using the internet can help mitigate this type of attack. Firstly, users should be discouraged to access any site that is not https (secure). Http websites are untrusted as hackers use such site to initiate attacks. Also, it is advisable to refrain from clicking on any site that pop-up into the browser. Some of these attacks assume the exact links of the original site, and it is difficult sometimes to tell if they are fake. As such, always search the real company information by manually typing their links. Kerberos key distribution center (KDC) affects window server 2012 R2 and other older versions. This vulnerability grants users who sign into an active dir ectory domain system remotely administrative privileges using invalid session signature. By having administrative privileges, the hacker can access any computer belonging to the same domain. Microsoft is working countering this attack in future. On the other hand, versions of windows operating system exhibit a number of vulnerabilities including file sharing permissions, insufficient firewall protection, and lack of malware protection. Essentially, the file sharing capability in Windows 7 and 8.1 grants everyone on the network permission to access files from a file server located in another computer. This is risky as anyone on the network can access such file and inject scripts into the system corrupting all files. Also, the firewall feature present in the OS is inefficient as it cannot block all untrusted applications that masquerade as trusted. Also, it is incapable of filtering packets from the internet and blocking malicious ones. However, installing strong antivirus such as Kaspersky can help block unwanted programs. Also, installing host-based intrusion prevention software monitors malicious packets and blocks them. Hardware vulnerabilities and how to mitigate them Hardware components such as routers, PCs, Switches, Firewall, and servers also present a number of weaknesses. For instance, CAM table attack is common among switches. When the attackers gain unauthorized entry into the local area network, they flood the switch with mac-address until it becomes full; thus can listen to any frame across the network since it now acts as a hub. However, port security can help mitigate this problem by only enabling the switch to learn a specified number of mac addresses. In routers, especially, those that do not have firewall feature enabled. The attack can send requests through SQL injection to the local area network from the internet, accessing personal credentials of the users. As such using network-based honeypots and IPS (Intrusion Prevention systems) can help block such requests from the outside. Concerning the firewall, lack of creating zone to distinguish trusted zone and untrusted zone can pose a threat as anyone can easily infiltrate the system . To mitigate this problem, the administrator can implement the firewall functionality by using ACL command to filter and inspect packets. In summary, the ability to have the right measures in place for combating security vulnerabilities can help the company avoid losses. As such choosing the right software solutions and hardware is fundamental in securing the system from both the internal and external attacks

Unstable Urbanization Between The Years 2017 And 2050

Iaian Singletary Dudek English IV H 2nd 9 March 2017 UNSTABLE URBANIZATION Between the years 2017 and 2050, â€Å"the United Nations projects that global population will increase significantly by nearly 2.5 billion people putting the global population at around an estimated 9 to 10 Billion people† (Jiang). In the near future it is predicted that the global urban population will nearly double if not possibly triple in size. Which will create a global imbalance in quality of life and put an even greater strain on our planet’s resources as we reach earth’s carrying capacity. Particularly in less developed and developing countries in which cities are increasingly becoming a more economically viable and beneficial option than living in more rural†¦show more content†¦Throughout human history, cities have been constructed along bodies of water. Such as rivers, deltas, and coastlines, which provide water sources, transportation routes, and power. These water sources have been modified to meet urban needs, which is often at the expense of local aquatic ecosystems surrounding the city. â€Å"The concentration of transportation and industry in urban areas also alters biogeochemical cycles, which significantly affects the flow of chemical elements and certain compounds† (Jiang) Metropolitan centres often concentrate sources of CO2, emissions and other various greenhouse gases and pollutants, which can heavily induce an imbalance of air quality in neighboring ecosystems. In more populous cities, such as Mexico city, major roadways have thousands o f cars on them at one time and traffic congestion in megacities contributes to a concentration of emissions along nearby highways, beltways and typically in the central business district in a downtown area. In our ever expanding cities across the globe, it is estimated that only about 20% of the current world population can be said to have a generally adequate and sustainable standard of living. By â€Å"standard of living†, referring to the the income levels of individuals of the developed world consisting mostly of North America, Western Europe, and Japan. In the remaining 80% of the global population most of the inhabitants of â€Å"developing nations† live in conditionsShow MoreRelatedWater as a Source of Future Conflict in Sa26984 Words   |  108 Pagesresources, because it does not have choices and alternatives. As a consequence of global warming and pollution, importance of water has increased much. Some 2 billion people† already lack water supplies. Water use has risen six-fold over the past 70 years. By 2050, it is estimated that 4.2 billion people live in countries that cannot meet people’s daily basis needs. South Asia is a region of water abunda nce and scarcity. â€Å"Issues concerning water allotment are the basic strategic distress over the state

Management Control System Free Essays

Management Control System Assignment â€Å"Budgeting Preparation† * Budget Preparation Budget preparation is a summary of company’s plans that sets specific targets for sales, production, distribution and financing activities. It generally culminates in a cash budget, a budgeted income statement, and a budgeted balance sheet. In short, this budget represents a comprehensive expression of management’s plans for future and how these plans are to be accomplished. We will write a custom essay sample on Management Control System or any similar topic only for you Order Now It usually consists of a number of separate but interdependent budgets. One budget may be necessary before the other can be initiated. More one budget estimate effects other budget estimates because the figures of one budget is usually used in the preparation of other budget. This is the reason why these budgets are called interdependent budgets. * Gudeline of Budget Preparation Operating Budgets An operating budget is a statement that presents the financial plan for each responsibility centre during the budget period and reflects operating activities involving revenues and expenses. The most common types of operating budgets are  expense,  revenue, and  profit budgets Expense Budget An expense budget is an operating budget that documents expected expenses during the budget period. Three different kinds of expenses normally are evaluated in the expense budget -fixed,  variable  and  discretionary  (Discretionary expenses – costs that depend on managerial judgment because they cannot be determined with certainty, for example:  legal fees, accounting fees  and  RD expenses). Revenue Budget A revenue budget identifies the revenues required by the organization. It is a budget that  projects future sales. Profit Budget A profit budget combines both expense and revenue budgets into one statement to show  gross and net profits. Feature article about  Production Management Profit budgets are used to make  final resource allocation, check on the adequacy of expense budgets relative to anticipated revenues, control activities across units, and assign responsibility to managers for their shares of the organization’s financial performance. Financial Budgets Financial Budgets outline how an organization is going to acquire its cash and how it intends to use the cash. Three important financial budgets are the  cash budget,  capital expenditure budget  and the balance sheet budget. Cash budget Cash budgets are forecasts of how much cash the organization has on hand and how much it will need to meet  expenses. The cash budget helps managers determine whether they will have adequate amounts of cash to handle required disbursements when necessary, when there will be excess cash that needs to be invested, and when cash flows deviate from budgeted amounts. Capital Expenditure Budget Capital Expenditure Budgets,  Investment in property,  buildings and  major equipment  are called capital expenditure. Such capital expenditure budgets allow management to forecast capital requirements, to on top of important capital projects, and to ensure the adequate cash is available to meet these expenditures as they come due. The balance sheet budget The balance sheet budget plans the amount of  assets  and liabilities  for the end of the time period under considerations. A balance sheet budget is also known as a  pro forma (projected) balance sheet. Analysis of the balance sheet budget may suggest problems or opportunities that will require managers to alter some of the other budgets * Budgeting Process * Behavioral Aspects Actually, an effective budget preparation process blends the two approaches. Budgetees prepare the first draft of the budget for their area of responsibility, they do so within guideliness established at higher level. Senior managers review and critique these proposed budgets. Research has shown that budget preparation where the process in which the budgetee is both involved and has influence over the setting of budget amounts and it has positive effects on managerial motivation for two reasons : 1. There is likely to be greater acceptance of budget goals if they are perceived as being under managers’ personal control, rather than being imposed externally. This will leads to higher personal commitment to achieve the goals. 2. Participative budgeting result in effective information exchanges. The approved budget amounts benefit from the expertise and personal knowledge of the budgetees, where the budgetees have a clearer understanding of their jobs through interactions with superior during the review and approval phase. The budget department has a particularly difficult in behavioral problem. It must analyze the budgets in details, and it must be certain that the budget are prepared properlu and that the information is accurate. To accomplish the tasks, the budget department sometimes must act in ways that line managers perceive as threatening or hostile. To perform, their function effectively, the members of the budget department must have a reputation for impartiality and fairness. If they do not have this reputation, it becomes difficult, if not impossible, for them to perform the task necessary to maintaining the effective budgetary control system. Citation Anthony, R. N. , ; Govindarajan, V. (2007). Behavioral Aspects. In Management Control System (pp. 391-393). New York: McGraw-Hill. How to Prepare Budget. (n. d. ). Retrieved November 02, 2012, from CWA – Communication Workers of America: How to cite Management Control System, Essay examples Management Control System Free Essays Coca Cola Goes Small in India The coca-cola company is the number one seller of soft drinks in the world. Every day an average of more than 1 Billion servings of Coca-Cola, Diet Coke, Sprite, Fanta and other products of Coca-Cola are enjoyed around the world. The company has the world’s largest production and distribution system for soft drinks and sells more than twice as many soft drinks as its nearest competitor. We will write a custom essay sample on Management Control System or any similar topic only for you Order Now Coca-Cola products are sold in more than 200 countries around the globe. For several reasons, the company believes it will continue to grow internationally. One reasons is that disposable income is rising Another reason is that outside the United States and Europe, the world is getting younger. In addition, reaching world markets is becoming easier as political barriers fall and transportation difficulties are overcome. Still another reason is that the sharing of ideas, cultures and news around the world creates market opportunities. Part of the company mission for Coca-Cola to maintain the world’s powerful trademark and effectively utilize the world’s most effective and pervasive distribution system. In June 1999 Coca-Cola India introduced a 200-milliliter Coke bottle in Delhi, India, in a campaign to market Coke to its poorest customers. This strategy was successful for Coca-Cola in other countries such as Russia. The bottle sells for Rs. 12, making affordable to almost everyone. In 2001, Coca-Cola enjoyed 25% growth in India including an 18% increase in unit case sales of Coca-Cola. Because of the variability of bottling machinery, it is likely that every 200 milliliter bottle of Coca-Cola does not contain exactly 200 milliliters of fluid. Some bottles may contain more fluid and other less. Because 200 milliliters fills are somewhat unusual, a production engineer wants to test some of the bottles from the first production runs to determine how closely they are to the 200 milliliter specification. Suppose the following data are the field measurements from a random sample of 50 bottles. Consider the measures of central tendency, variation, skewness. Based on this analysis, explain how the bottling process working? 200. 1 200. 1 199. 7 200. 1 200. 4 199. 6 200. 1 200. 3 200. 2 200. 2199. 9 200. 9 200. 4 199. 4 199. 8 200. 4 200. 8 200. 5 200. 5 199. 5200. 2 200. 1 200. 3 199. 6 199. 9 200. 4 199. 9 199. 9 200. 2 200. 6200. 2 200. 3 199. 8 199. 2 200. 2 200. 6 200. 0 201. 1 199. 7 200. 3200. 0 200. 5 199. 3 200. 2 199. 6 200. 6 199. 9 199. 7 200. 9 199. 8 How to cite Management Control System, Essay examples

The Holocaust Essay Thesis Example For Students

The Holocaust Essay Thesis IntroductionWhat, when, where, and why was the Holocaust? The Holocaust was first called a religious rite in which an offer that gave to some one was burned in a fire. The current definition of holocaust is any widespread human massacre. When it is written Holocaust, it means when Nazi Germany completely destroyed the Jewish. The Holocaust was during the period of January 30, 1933 to May 8, 1945. Hitler became Germanys chancellor when it first started and the war ended on the last day of the Holocaust, or known as V-E Day. During that time frame, Jews in Europe were killed in the worst way possibly and led to the death of 6,000,000 Jews and 5,000 communities destroyed. 1.5 million of those Jews killed were children. After Germanys lost in World War I, they were embarrassed by the Versailles Treaty, which lowered its prewar territory and armed forces. The German Empire demolished, a new government of parliament called the Weimar Republic was born. The republic suffered from economic i nstability, which grew worse when the great depression was happening. The great depression was when the stock market crashed in New York in 1929. We will write a custom essay on The Holocaust Thesis specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Adolf Hitler became leader of the Nazi(National Socialist German Workers Party)on January 30, 1933. He was named chancellor by president Paul von Hidenburg after the Nazi won a election by the majority of the votes in 1932. Propaganda: The Jews Are Our MisfortuneThe Nazi newspaper, Der Sturmer (The Attacker), was a major tool in the Nazis propaganda assault. The paper said, The Jews are our misfortune, in bold print, on the bottom of the front page of each issue. In the Der Sturmer, the Jews were regularly drawn as hooked-nosed and ape-like cartoons. By 1938, about a half a million copies were sold weekly because the influence of the paper was far reaching. A little after Hitler became chancellor, he called for a new election for a effort to gain complete control of the Reicstag. Reicstag was a German parliament for the Nazi. The Nazi used the government to mess with the other parties. They banned their political meetings and arrested their leaders. The Reichstag building burned down February 27, 1933 during the middle of the election campaign. Marinus van der Lubbe, a Dutchman, was arrested for burning the building and he swore he did the crime alone. In order for the Nazis to have more votes they managed to blame the Communists. Many believed the Nazis were responsible for burning down the building. * 1 *he fire caused the dismiss of the German democracy. The next day, under the pretense of controlling the Communists, the government established individual rights and protections. Freedom of speech, assembly, and expression were the rights and protections that were demolished. The Nazis won the majority in the government with nearly forty four percent of the votes on March fifth. Moving swiftly the Nazis brought together their power into a dictatorship. The Enabling Act was passed on March twenty third. Hitlers dictatorial efforts were approved and was now legally able to pursue them. Complex police and military force were also developed. With the police now set in place, the nazis opponents were beaten, terrorized, or sent toone of the concentration camps that the Germans had built. The first camp built for the prisoners was Dachau, just outside of Munich. Over time Dachaus purpose was changed and became another brutal camp for the Jews. Hitler was in full control of Germany and his campaign against the Jews was in full force by the end of 1934. According to the Nazis, the Jews destroyed the German culture with their foreign and mongrel influence. They saw the Jews as evil and cowardly and the Germans as hardworking, honest, and courageous. The Jews claimed the Nazis, which were heavily represented in finance, commerce, the press literature, theater, and the arts. Because of this the economy and culture was weakened. .ubdd3265f5597cb57b67b5e434b5a47fd , .ubdd3265f5597cb57b67b5e434b5a47fd .postImageUrl , .ubdd3265f5597cb57b67b5e434b5a47fd .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ubdd3265f5597cb57b67b5e434b5a47fd , .ubdd3265f5597cb57b67b5e434b5a47fd:hover , .ubdd3265f5597cb57b67b5e434b5a47fd:visited , .ubdd3265f5597cb57b67b5e434b5a47fd:active { border:0!important; } .ubdd3265f5597cb57b67b5e434b5a47fd .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ubdd3265f5597cb57b67b5e434b5a47fd { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ubdd3265f5597cb57b67b5e434b5a47fd:active , .ubdd3265f5597cb57b67b5e434b5a47fd:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ubdd3265f5597cb57b67b5e434b5a47fd .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ubdd3265f5597cb57b67b5e434b5a47fd .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ubdd3265f5597cb57b67b5e434b5a47fd .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ubdd3265f5597cb57b67b5e434b5a47fd .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ubdd3265f5597cb57b67b5e434b5a47fd:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ubdd3265f5597cb57b67b5e434b5a47fd .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ubdd3265f5597cb57b67b5e434b5a47fd .ubdd3265f5597cb57b67b5e434b5a47fd-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ubdd3265f5597cb57b67b5e434b5a47fd:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Mercent of Venice EssayThe Jews Are Isolated from SocietyTo justify the their treatment of the Jews, the Nazi combined their racial theories with evolutionary theories of Charles Darwin. Destine to rule were the Germans which were strong and fit, while the weak Jews were doomed to extinction. Hitler began to restrict the Jews with terror, which consist of

Manchester essays

Manchester essays Manchester is located in England in The MIDLANDS, right in the centre of Britain, shown on Diagram 1. Manchester has a population of about 450, 000 and a land size of 40,000 square metres. As you can see from Diagram 2 which is a base map of Manchester, the form of this city is a core. (A core is where settlements are clumped together in the middle and situated randomly around the sides.) The reasons for this Core formation is that the river Mersey is located in the centre of the city and the topography of the land is resemble flat with a few rolling hills here or there. Because of the flat relief it is easier for a city to expand and to build more infrastructure. Also because of the river and major roads accessibility is high into the city. Due to the accessibility of the river it provides small boats to sail to Liverpool and export cotton around world, which is the main production industry in Manchester. As you can see from diagram 3 which is the Land use model, Manchester has a lot of residential settlements ( which are in yellow) and commercial settlements (in pink). The commercial settlements are situated near the river and main roads for easy access to the city. The small brown square is the Industrial area. The main industry in Manchester is the huge cotton factories. Lastly the grey areas are the transportation systems such as airports, train and bus routes. All these areas and systems are in the urban part of Manchester, but if you look at the land use model you see residential such as the dark green area on this map which is forest. The white squares are Barren Land which were caused by mining back in 17-1850 and nothing has been able to grow or produce There are 3 major zones in Manchester: - The Industrial ...

The Wuthering Heights Review

The 'Wuthering Heights' Review When Emily Brontes Wuthering Heights was first published in 1847, under the name of Ellis Bell, it received mixed reviews. Although some critics saw the potential evident in the cyclical plot and other literary devices, many others were shocked and dismayed by the unashamedly dark storyline. Different for the Era To be sure, Wuthering Heights was a very different book than what was generally considered acceptable during that era. In direct contrast to Emily Brontes novel, Susannah Rowsons Charlotte Temple (1828) tells the story of a young lady who permits her beau to steal her away in the middle of the night. Predictably, he impregnates her and then abandons her, after which she dies of a broken heart. As was common in novels of the era, Charlotte Temple used a fictional story to instruct its readers―primarily young ladies―in what was expected of them. Flawed Characters In Wuthering Heights, one of the main female characters dies of what could also be considered a broken heart, but the effect is a very different one from that of Charlotte Temple. Instead of presenting an overly sentimental worst-case scenario meant to frighten its readers onto the straight-and-narrow, Wuthering Heights seduces its readers with its dark passion and misguided characters. Both Heathcliff and Catherine are flawed characters, but their flaws intrigue the reader just as surely as they repel. If there is any lesson to be learned after Catherines death, it is the folly of denying your hearts greatest passion―a mistake completely at odds with the cause of Charlotte Temples downfall. Controversy Obscurity Due to the novels tumultuous passion, the book received a mixture of responses. Eventually, those who were scandalized by the books inappropriateness won out, and Emily Brontes only novel was buried in literary obscurity. Decades later, when Wuthering Heights was revived by the interest of modern scholars, the unique literary devices used in the work began to earn more attention than its soap opera-like tale of obsession and loss. Although the second part of the novel―the part that chiefly concerns Catherine and Heathcliffs respective children―is frequently overlooked in retellings and screen adaptations, many contemporary critics believe it holds the key to Emily Bronte’s real literary genius. The first generation of children―Catherine, her brother Hindley, and the gypsy child Heathcliff―had led miserable lives, and both Catherine and Hindley died young as payment for their misguided passions. As a result of Heathcliffs scheming prior to Hindleys death, he has inherited the Earnshaw home, as well as the care of Hindleys son, Hareton. After the death of Heathcliffs estranged wife―Catherine’s husband’s sister, his own son, Linton, comes to live with him as well, setting in motion his final push for revenge. Generations The highlight of the second part of the book is when Heathcliff effectively kidnaps Catherines daughter, who is called Cathy. With the three children now all under one roof, the latter half of the book parallels the beginning, when Catherine, Hindley, and Heathcliff were all children together in the same house. However, whether by a twist of fate or Heathcliffs mistreatment of the boy, Haretons demeanor and place in the household resembles Heathcliffs childhood persona more than that of his own father, while Linton is so weak and sickly that he is the perfect opposite of Heathcliff.Despite the clear similarities to the old rivalries, though, the children begin to converge, rather than to follow in the footsteps of their parents. Maddened by a desire for revenge, Heathcliff attempts to play them against one another, forcing Cathy to marry Linton so that he may inherit the neighboring property that belongs to his rival, Catherines widower. Linton dies soon after. After Heathcliffs own death, the tale comes full circle: the estates return to their rightful heirs, Hareton and the younger Cathy fall in love, and Heathcliff’s legacy of revenge disappears almost without a trace. Complex Storytelling Despite its early reception, the combination of unbridled passion and a complex storytelling form makes Wuthering Heights a favorite in many modern literary circles. The darkness of the story and the lack of accompanying moral teachings shocked many of its contemporaries, while the intricacies of the cyclical plot―the destruction and ultimate reunification of the families―were overlooked until recent decades. A novel that combines masterful literary devices with all of the scandals of a soap opera, Emily Brontes Wuthering Heights was a drama far ahead of its time.

Global Warming in Asia Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Global Warming in Asia - Term Paper Example As the research stresses one of the major effects of global warming is the reduction of production in the agricultural sector. Growth of agricultural products in large scale depends on the climatic status of a region. Agricultural products are helpful in the sense that they contribute to trade and help to regulate the supply of food among the Asian countries. During extremely hot climates, the growth of some helpful plants, which may not be favored by warm climatic conditions, is affected negatively. Similarly, during the extremely wet climates, the plants that do well only in warm climatic conditions end up not growing well or even not growing at all. This indicates that climatic change ends up influencing the general agricultural production. The agricultural sector is one of the most important sectors in every nation, including Asia. It is a major source of food, which is a basic need of the citizens. According to the report findings people cannot live without food, and it is the government’s responsibility to take care of such needs of the citizens. Food supply must be kept constant within the nations around Asia. Buying food from the international traders is also very expensive; the reason as to why the agricultural sector in the nation is greatly regarded. Apart from feeding the Asian people, the agricultural sector is also important in the sense that it earns significant revenues for the government. The acts of trade stimulated by the Asian farmers, help in money circulation in the involved nations.

RayOVac Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

RayOVac - Case Study Example However this ratio declines sharply in the year 2001 and even further to the least recorded debt-to-equity ratio of 2.05 in the year 2002. This is the year where the business has the highest stability of all the five years. The business increases its debt sharply in 2003 recording the highest debt-to-equity ratio of 6.65. This is the year when the business is least stable. Reduced debt-to-equity ratio boosts the business a little in 2004. The gearing ratio starts relatively high at 0.86 in the year 2000. The ratio falls to 0.72 in the year 2001 and even further to 0.67 in 2002, coming out as the least recorded gearing ratio of all the five years. This is the year where the business is most stable. The ratio increases sharply in 2003 to record at 0.87, the highest recorded ratio of all the three years. This is the year when the business is least stable (more vulnerable). The ratio declines a little bit in 2004 to record at 0.81 as the business stabilizes a bit. In the year 2005, Rayovac acquired Tetra Holdings of Germany at a cost of $555 million where $50 million was financed through long term debt. The question we may want to deal with at the moment is whether the debt was justified. Performance-wise Tetra Holdings showed some good results with annual sales of $223 million as of the end of 2004. The annual sales were an improvement from the $179 million sales made in 2001, showing that the company growing and its territories expanding and thus justifying the acquisition by Rayovac. Calculation of the Return on Capital Employed (ROCE) may also be used to justify the acquisition as below. The positive ROCE implies that the company will be able to generate returns from its capital base and hence the acquisition is justifiable. A negative ROCE would raise an alarm as this would be an implication that the company is generating losses from its capital base. Following the multiple acquisitions, the company

Best Practice And Best Fit Approach In HRM Management Essay

Best Practice And Best Fit Approach In HRM Management Essay 1. Introduction The discussion between promoters of best practice and best fit approaches has sparked widespread controversy in the human resource management (HRM) area. The topic has gained much scholarly attention because it not only addresses a theoretical controversy but also possesses a high degree of practical managerial significance. The essay has the aim to analyse best practice and best fit approaches in HRM of a multinational enterprise. The reader receives insight into Lincoln Electrics organization through a case-study analysis of practical HR approaches serving as a basis for developing practical managerial implications in the last part of the paper. 2. Critical evaluation of best practice and best fit practices in HRM 2.1 Best practice approach The best practice approach claims that certain bundles of HR activities exist which universally support companies in reaching a competitive advantage regardless of the organizational setting or industry (Redman and Wilkinson 2009). Best practice models imply a close connection between HR practices and organizational performance and are often associated with high commitment management (Paauwe Boselie 2003). Empirical research in the best-practice field shows similar groups of HR polices which are especially suitable for maximizing performance irrespective of market and product strategies (Peffer 1998, Guest 2000). Best practice bundles of activities are characterized as mutually compatible HR activities which forge high levels of workforce competence, encourage motivation and introduce a workdesign boosting employee commitment (Maloney and Morris 2005). Based on concepts from expectancy theory (Vroom 1964, Lawler 1971) best practice HR will result in higher levels of quality, product ivity and low rates of absenteeism and wastage (Guest 2000). The best practice approach suffers from a series of limitations. Firstly, when implementing best practice standards organizations run risk of introducing mutually prohibitive combinations like team working and compensation based on individual performance resulting in a deterioration of employee collaboration through overexaggerated competition (Delery 1998 in Redman and Wilkinson 2009). Secondly, high commitment management systems are generally a complex undertaking requiring large inputs of planning and top level management commitment. Thirdly, critics like Milkovich and Newman (2002) argue that best practice HR lacks direct linkages with organizational strategies and is minted by the belief that outstanding high performing human resources will influence strategy. By making HR policy precede corporate strategy an organization risks prescribing standardized sets of one size fits all best practice approaches which will not support the particular needs of employees and be detrimental t o overall strategic objectives (Maloney and Morris 2005). Fourthly, discussions with regard to the appropriate choice of best practice measures resulting from an insufficient research methodology and theoretical definition exist (Marchington and Grugulis 2000 in Redman and Wilkinson 2009). 2.2 Best fit approach The best-fit model is considered as a variant from precedent models of Harvard, Michigan and York and is called matching model for HRM (Sparrow and Hiltrop 1994). It is based on developing HRM policies according to business strategy. Strategy involves planning future activities, performances objectives, and policies towards reaching the corporate aims. HRM strategy should be designed and applied to support the given corporate strategy (Lawler 1995). The best-fit approach questions the universality assumption of the best-practice perspective. It emphasizes contingency fit between HR activities and the organizations stage of development, an organizations internal structures and its external environment like clients, suppliers, competition and labour markets (Redman and Wilkinson 2009). HR policy should be minted by the appropriate context of individual employees and therefore support the overall competitive strategy. Aligning HRM practices to strategies can enable companies to create p otential competitive advantages (Schuler and Jackson 1987 in Redman and Wilkinson 2009). The best fit approach is also subject to sever criticism. Firstly, Boxall and Purcell (2003) criticizes that in a changing business environment companies and their strategies are subject to multiple alternating contingences and that it is merely possible to adjust entire HR systems to new challenges frequently. Secondly, as companies move through their life-cycle HR practices have to be aligned which leads to an alternating treatment of employees which can have a demotivating effect and show inconsistency in corporate culture (Boxall and Purcell 2003). 3. Analysis of Lincoln Electrics HRM approach 3.1 Evaluation: Best practice or best fit approach in certain HR practices 3.1.1 Selection practices For the hiring of its U.S. workforce Lincoln Electronic is applying best practice methods as it pursues a selective employment approach aiming at attracting skilled personnel that can connect to the companies high performance ethic and live up to quality standards. New hires have to pass a three-month probation period and prove their work dedication in trainee programme (Bjà ¶rkman Galunic 2003). For the established U.S. operations promoting experienced employees from within can be regarded as an element of best fit approach of aligning HR goals with corporate quality strategy (Lawler 1995). It is coherent with Lincolns strategy of binding the best employees and rewarding them for their long-term achievements with responsibility thus keeping its intellectual capital and ensuring a sustainable competitive advantage in fields of performance, knowledge and quality. In the international management Lincoln made the mistake of relying too much on inexperienced U.S. managers from within a nd only after the disaster of the international subsidiaries started to move from its unitary strategy towards a more responsive best fit approach to external environmental by hiring more internationally experienced external managers in China and Europe which fits the international expansion strategy (Hastings 1999). In its Chinese recruitment it adapts to the Chinese labor market by personally promoting and introducing prospective employees through senior management to identify personalities who can live up to performance, education and quality requirements applying a best fit approach (Bjà ¶rkman Galunic 2003). This is in line with common relationship and social network oriented selection practices in China (Warner 2005). 3.1.2 Training practices Lincoln is applying a best fit strategy which aims at enhancing employees abilities, technical and business knowledge through a significant investment in globally recognized best practice training methods (Marchington Grugulis 2000). Examples are a sophisticated trainee program for sales and engineering trainees, constant vocational trainings for experienced workers and regular work certification programs (Bjà ¶rkman Galunic 2003). These actions aim at supporting and maintaining the superior efficiency objectives creating core competences compared to industry rivals and a competitive advantage. Lincolns approach to training employees resembles the immersion training conducted by Toyota which also conducts extensive investment in workers qualifications to achieve highest productivity and quality (Spear, 2004). 3.1.3 Reward system The reward system which has been invented by founder James Lincoln is at the core of the successful individual performance working system. In the US, Lincoln employs a highly compensated piece-work system which is linked to individual employee performance based on a multitude of work-related factors (Bjà ¶rkman Galunic 2003). The reward system is able to motivate employees for achieving commitment through a remuneration which is at the top of its industry (Bjà ¶rkman Galunic 2003). Payment system possesses clear management commitment and is seen as the key for achieving outstanding employee commitment leading to advantages in costs, productivity and quality (Hastings 1999). Group collaboration within the company is created through specific bonus pools which are allotted to work group performance. The bonuses are then distributed to the members of that group according to their quantified relative performance on the semi-annual merit rating based on factors like idea generation, qu ality, reliability, dependability and output (Milgram Roberts 1995). Employees are closely bound to the organization through a long-term stockpurchase plan as part of their remuneration making them entrepreneurs at their workplace (Bjà ¶rkman Galunic 2003). Classification of the reward system in one of the HRM approaches is ambiguous. Lincoln invented the individual performance-system as the major component towards developing its employees for becoming its core strength through an unbeatable motivation and quality-drive (Milgram Roberts 1995). This is the utilization of the best fit approach minting HR towards organizational strategic objectives. The performance payment system has proven immensely successful becoming an internal best practice. Empirical studies by MacMillan and Schuler (1984) confirm the success of individual performance- pay with end-of-year bonuses at US bearings company Baimco and at the aviation company PEOPLexpress. For its global operations Lincoln is forc ed to abide by national restrictions in the legal environment (e.g. prohibition of piecework in Germany) and traditional working habits in the socio-cultural environment to align its reward system to local standards (Bjà ¶rkman Galunic 2003). In Europe, it is forced to conduct a best fit approach abiding by local regulations and adjust to differing standards of motivation where workers value benefits like vacation over annual bonuses. 3.1.4 Employee participation The best fit approach is also utilized for the field of employee participation. The company possesses an open-door policy where employees can contact management directly. Flat hierarchies with minimal supervisory management lead to very low communication barriers and wide-opportunities for taking responsibility (Milgram Roberts 1995). Due to participation is one of the evaluation criteria for employee remuneration Lincoln has a very high workforce participation rate concerning continuous improvement suggestions. Similar continuous improvement and feedback programs are also pursued by Japanese companies like Nissan in order to enhance productivity (Erstand 1997). That not only encourages idea generation but also directly involves employees in major decisions like the turnaround after the economic crises (Hastings 1999). Although workers are not unionized a very lively participation with the management board takes place through the Employee Advisory Board leading to a very high level of workforce loyalty. The best fit participation approach supports the core competence and sustainable competitive advantage of productivity and innovative quality as major strategic objectives (Pfeffer 1995) 3.2 External and internal factors influencing Lincolns HR strategy 3.2.1 External factors Firstly, the legal environment both in Lincolns domestic market and international markets significantly influences the HR strategy. Regulations regarding the legality of piece-work systems, vacation requirements and working hour limitations force Lincoln to adapt HR practices in all fields elucidated in chapter 3.1. In the U.S. more performance driven and entrepreneurial HR approaches are possible whereas regulations in Europe, Asia and Latin America force Lincoln to adhere to adapt local HR practices (Bjà ¶rkman Galunic 2003). Secondly, Lincoln is affected by the cultural diversity of its operations again creating barriers for the introduction of performance driven measures in markets like Western-Europe and China. Whereas in the U.S. traditionally hierarchy is low and employee idea generation is common, Chinese culture is more subversive and critical idea generation practices will fail (Zhu 2005). Similarly hiring and training practices are different across cultures: The U.S. and Europe allow for the application of best practices in recruitment and training. In Asia Lincoln needs to align to the environment of conducting rather relationship oriented hiring and in-depth skill development (Warner 2005). Thirdly, different market maturity and industry-life-cycles between developed and developing markets affect Lincolns HR approaches with differences in hiring, training and workforce participation. 3.2.2 Internal factors The first major internal factor affecting Lincolns HRM is the life-cycle of the respective subsidiary. U.S. and Canadian operations have a historical presence with high levels of employee loyalty, trust, identification with the individual performance culture and a well attuned work organization and low hierarchies (Bjà ¶rkman Galunic 2003). Due to recent acquisitions and Greenfield investments in Europe and Asia loyalty and identification with the overall corporate objectives and working ethics is unincisive (Hastings 1999). Lincoln is challenged developing HR-approaches to create employee involvement and implement the performance driven internal values. Especially, immense discrepancies between the subsidiaries international managers and the U.S. headquarters management are major obstacles for the development of globally coherent HRM strategies which can enforce the overall companys performance (e.g. objections against incentive system, language barriers, management philosophies) (Hastings 1999). Lincolns executives do not possess the required international management skills and are very much minted by idealized U.S. practices. 3.3 Practical managerial lessons and broad implications for HRM practices Practical managerial HRM implications which can be drawn from the Lincoln case are the following. Lincolns HRM strategy is based on a best fit approach designed to achieve an optimal vertical fit with the overall corporate strategy with a strong alignment towards the competitive strategic objectives of employee productivity and product quality on the companys domestic American market (Basset 1999). Lincoln is immensely successful on the U.S. market because it matches HR approaches to corporate, competitive and functional level strategy to achieve a sustainable competitive advantage. Internationally, Lincoln is not able to transfer the U.S. model of best fit to its subsidiaries. Environmental factors like legal requirements and cultural differences make it impossible to use a system which is based on individual performance (Bjà ¶rkman Galunic 2003). Lincoln is limited in fitting its HR approach to what would be best for reinforcing its efficiency and quality driven competitive advantage. The Lincoln case illustrates that in a global context companies are influenced by a multitude of contingences. A universalist HRM approach within a MNC applying a certain bundle of HRM best practices will not render an optimal outcome for the entire organization (Sims 2007). According to Dowling et al (2008) International managers need to take a more detailed approach by identifying individual circumstances of national subsidiaries and fitting HRM strategies to achieve a mutual enforcement between local requirements and corporate strategy. For some a best practice approach might be a superior solution while for other subsidiaries only certain best practice elements (e.g. hiring, training, rewards etc.) might prove to be effective: In Europe Lincoln fails to develop any sort of HRM strategy which can satisfy the environmental requirements and reinforce its competitive differentiation strategy at the same time. Due to a lack of international knowledge Lincolns managers rely on the stat us quo (Hastings 1999). In Europe an introduction of best practice methods with a HPWS would have immediately allowed ensuring better control and performance in the newly acquired international subsidiaries through standardized practices (Maloney and Morris 2005). The best fit approach in Lincolns Chinese subsidiary incorporates lessons learned from the European failure: Lincoln is able to adapt HR strategy to environmental requirements of culture, legal requirements and the market and at the same time introduce best fit approaches in hiring and employee development to support its competitive strategy. The broader implication is that there is no single best way to approach HRM. Companies should design their approach according to elements of best practice and best fit to achieve the best possible outcomes. Studies conducted by Mendonca Kanungo (1994) and Cyert March (1963) show that the adaption of HRM approaches to local international environments is essential for companies leading to and adaption of processes and practices to fit with the local workforce. Successful MNCs like Unilever, Royal Dutch Shell and Nestlà © are those that conduct HRM strategies based on localized requirements incorporating elements from best fit and also standardized best practices (Briscoe Schuler 2004). In this context a localized resource-based HRM approach can be a good possibility to create synergies between internal competences with strategy and performance. 4. Conclusion To put everything under consideration, one can see that best fit and best practice approaches offer companies powerful tools for shaping human resource management processes. The case study has illustrated that an application of one bundle of best practice strategies across all geographies of MNCs, as proposed by Pfeffer (1998), is almost impossible because of regional differences in work-related practices, laws culture and characteristics of motivation. Similarly, sticking to a best fit strategy which is only aligned to the contingency of strategy and a neglect of environmental forces and internal capabilities can lead to a failure of HR in international markets. The case has shown that the concepts of best practice and best fit have to be analyzed and adapted to suit the localized needs of international subsidiaries in order to pave the way to overall global competitive advantages through HR.

Case Study : From Saga to Proton Essay

From a financial analyst perspective, has the proton management done a good job? Based on the financial performance of PROTON from 2005 till 2009, our observation from a financial analysis perspective showed that Proton management has not done a good job as far as financial performance is concern. The Key Financial Indicators (KFIs) covers measurements such as basic earnings per share, net assets per share; dividend paid as well as retained earnings carried forward. At a glimpse, almost all the KPI of Proton shows decrement throughout the years. Basic earnings per share (EPS) fluctuated vastly from 2005 to 2009. Proton recorded highest basic earnings per share of 80.6 in 2005. However, it can be observed that Proton faced severe problems by making loss in the shares, EPS of -107.3 in 2007 and EPS of -54.9 in 2009. Besides that, there is also a report with regards the net assets per share (NAPS). This net asset indicates the price at which shares are bought and sold, and represents co mpany’s value per share. Based on the information given, we can see that the NAPS of Proton had deteriorated from 2008 to 2009. The decreasing rate of dividend paid to the shareholders simply means company did not do very well. Dividend was not paid in 2008 as Proton needs to recover from the huge loss they held in 2007. Furthermore, the Balance Sheet displayed that the total assets owned by company decreased gradually from 2005 (RM 8, 830.9) to 2009 (RM 7,098.9). Other than that, increment in inventories indicates that sales order because higher inventory indicates poor sales resulting in higher cost to be incurred thus leads to the reduction in sales volume. In conclusion, we hold the believe that  Proton management had performed badly as portrayed by its deteriorating overall performance graph between the period in low basic earnings per share, low net assets per share, lower dividend paid to shareholders, low retained earnings carried forward, low total assets and high inventories count for the year 2009. Question 2 What characteristics should a foreign partner have that will enable maximum synergies? Synergy by definition means the interaction or cooperation of two or more organizations, substances, or other agents to produce a combined effect greater than the sum of their separate effects. To enable synergy, the foreign partner should be able to tackle Proton’s existing weakness. For instance, PROTON’s major problem would be quality control. The public usually complaint about the overall poor quality vehicles by PROTON over the years which indirectly affecting the financial result of the company, when its sales dwindled tremendously and continuously losing market share and which subsequently eroded the profit margin of the company. Therefore, a foreign partner that is known for its excellent quality of products would be a leap to induce a positive perception of Proton among the consumers which can help boost its revenues. Next, a foreign partnership with expertise and economies of scale is necessary which can encourage the sustainability of Proton. Since it has registered net loss for 2007 and 2009 indicating high cost that could not be covered with sufficient revenue generation, it’s very much clear that Proton lacks the efficiency in managing the cost, which leads to overall loss. To overcome this problem PROTON will need a partner that can help shoulder the exorbitant costs. Also, a foreign partner well known for its good reputation would be critical in order to elevate the already weak reputation of Proton among consumers. PROTON lacks an engine or platform to expand into the SUV and MPV markets, or the 2.0-litre and above segments. PROTON may need to collaborate with a foreign partner much in the wa y BMW and PSA Peugeot-Citroen are working together to develop new engines and technologies. Hence, the foreign partner should have the technological advances which Proton lacks. Furthermore, many of the green engine technologies that are emerging as a result of rising fuel prices and global warming would dictate the direction  of automotive development, and these are beyond PROTON capabilities. On its own, PROTON has limited funds for research and development. Therefore collaborating with bigger automotive players lend research and development (R&D) capabilities would be very beneficial, particularly in production of hybrid and electrical vehicles. Question 3 What broad consideration should determine the part of proton that are worth keeping and developing and matter of operation needs to be relocated or closed down? Proton needs to reconstruct its business structure by forgoing some part of business which are not worth keeping and expand those activities which generates ample profit. After analyzing Protons overall condition, firstly, the partnership with Lotus has helped Proton in strengthening the engineering, providing Proton an edge in Europe. Since Lotus is a British company that builds sports car, they have very well developed motor engineering technology which might be a gold opportunity for Proton to move forward and create more elegant and high-performance car models. In, Lotus even appeared in the Paris Auto Show 2010 with five slick looking sport cars. In order to move forward, Proton should seriously invest in R&D with its strategic partner Lotus, to strengthen quality which they are unable to do themselves. In order to draw sales, you have to know how to attract customers. PROTON’s investment in technology; seemed insufficient as now consumer expects better performance as per value of money. Proton should concentrate its energy on overall product improvements most importantly the engine. Perodua offered DVVT engine which is fuel efficient, but for decades PROTON continued using CAMPRO engine for all the cars. The idea is that they should try creating a car with a different engine as the perception build about Proton is that it has bad engine system to begin with. Possible solutions to mitigate the problems identified are by introducing additional value improvised features which focuses on fuel efficiency, convenience and safety. Next, Proton should also focus on providing excellent after sales service at its service centre Proton Edar. It is best to expand Proton by gaining their trust and loyalty. By proving security, reliance and great servicing skills, Proton will become an attractive deal because maintenance costs of transportation with is secured by warranty is one of the most crucial point of comparison between local and foreign cars as foreign cars  provide high security and assurance over their cars. Lastly, the management of Proton need to undergo total reconstruction. PROTON owns not one, but two factories that can output a combined maximum of 1.2 million cars a year, yet it builds only 156,845 units. If proton is not going to fully utilize its plant, it is better and more cost efficient for them to lease out the space to other car manufacturers so that it can generate profit from the unutilized space rather than living it unproductive. Question 4 From a review of the 2009 National Automotive Policy, are there areas of possible collaboration with Proton in the event of short of a full merger/takeover? There are areas found that will enable possible collaboration with Proton in the event of short merger or takeover based on reviewing the 2009 National Automotive Policy(NAP). The main objective of NAP is to ensure the development as well as long term competitiveness and capability of Proton. NAP also intends to create a conducive environment to attract possible new investment to enhance the sustainability of Proton. Firstly, the government offered tax incentive for high value-added part components. Through this, the high value-automotive-part manufacturers would enjoy 10-year 100% fiscal deduction on pioneer status or 5-year 100% tax exempted Investment Tax Allowance. This particular policy gives an opportunity to the company to make an investment in Malaysia and set up an alliance with Proton. Furthermore, it can benefit both parties because the investors can enjoy an incentive while Proton can improve the quality of their products with cost reduction due to the tax incentive thereby eliminating their reputation on low quality products. Meanwhile, tax incentive on training and R&D also gives huge opportunity to the investors particularly in the hybrid vehicle market. The trend of hybrid car is potentially expanding rapidly in Malaysia and research on the hybrid technology could produce higher return of investment and collaboration with Proton will give a cost saving to the companies and support Proton to pursue on producing hybrid cars. Besides, it can be cost-competitive for them if strategic alliance is set up with Proton since its plant in Tanjung Malim can be used for assembly hub for both the collaborating companies. Next, the full liberalization of local assembled luxury passenger cars can enable other foreign or local automotive firms to freely obtain manufacturing license and hold up to 100% stake in Proton pertaining to certain conditions. This could lead to possible alliances with Proton that can improvise the company’s under-utilized plant capacity. The full liberalization on assemble of luxury car also can give an opportunity to Proton to continue operating in low cost vehicle without any stiff competition and acquire more proportion of the market. So, strategic alliance with Proton in low cost vehicle segment will give strong position in the market which will help to boost the profits of the company. The policy on excise duty structure for imported vehicles CBU and locally assembled vehicles CKD’s would encourage foreign carmakers to consider possible collaboration with Proton in order to prevent the excise duty which will elevate their cost of production and continue producing cars in Malaysian market. Question 5 What other information not included in the case could help consultant Saiful Alawi make a more meaningful recommendation? Why? In order to come out with recommendation whether an investment and/or collaboration should be considered, Saiful Alawi has several things to be considered such as automotive market outlook and the national automotive policy. Apart from those, there are few other things that might also take into consideration for the recommendation in which one of them could be financial leverage for the company. Financial leverage refers to the degree to which an investor or business is utilizing borrowed money. High leverage indicating the company or an organization could be at risk of bankruptcy if they are unable to pay their debts as well as unable to find new lenders in future. However, financial leverage is not always bad as it can increase the shareholders’ return on investment and often there are tax advantages associated with the borrowed money. Proton should be disclosed the information about the debts of the company in its financial report or in its financial indicators. This is because, it would make it easier for the users to interpret the performance of the company in terms of the total debt to assets ratio, long  term debt to assets ratio, total debt to equity ratio as well as equity multiplier and other measurements related to the financial leverage ratio of the company. Besides that, Proton should also include the measurement related to the return on assets (ROA) and return on equity (ROE) of the company to know the level of profitable the company in which related to its total assets as well as the shareholders’ equity. Another thing that Saiful Alawi could take into consideration for the recommendation could be regarding the information of the opportunity of investment in other country. Other Asean countries also offered advantages and benefits of the investments in automotive industry. In Thailand, it has several hub of assembly of vehicle which very crucial for reduce transportation and distribution cost. Furthermore, Indonesia provided low labor cost and huge market capacity since the country among the highest population in Southeast Asia. Moreover, other countries also has a full pace of liberalisation and flexible in their automotive policies which the prices of the vehicle will be competitive. Finally, the other information that could help him is the environment and safety of Asean country. Malaysia is among the peaceful countries compared to others although the citizens were multiracitional. So, safety and harmonious environment is also important for the investors to make sure the stability of the operation and consistency in long-term run.

Samples of Time Management Essay for Frontier Dnp Program Ideas

Samples of Time Management Essay for Frontier Dnp Program Ideas What is Really Happening with Samples of Time Management Essay for Frontier Dnp Program Effective time management is necessary for stress reduction, success, and perhaps even survival, especially in the modern society of raising demands on a significantly leaner workforce. Thereare a few time managementprinciples that do apply to everybody, however. Not making very good use of time can impact people in many various ways. If it's not the best usage of your time, delegate it. There are a lot of totally free apps which help to keep you organized. It's essential that you set your priorities and your schedule your time in a means that's flexible and that permits you to acquire the most accomplished in the time that you've got available. If you would like to manage your time effectively here are a few simple measures to achieve what you would like, receive a daily planner and record the times you have to do something, set your priorities, know what's important to you and what's not and rate what ever is important to you on a scale of one to ten. Maybe the actual answer isn't to find more time for marketing, yet to MAKE time. Samples of Time Management Essay for Frontier Dnp Program Help! A seasoned professional will make an error-free assignment very quickly and can help you boost your grades. Be certain your electronic planner doesn't cost you time. Whether you're a self-employed freelancer or an entrepreneur building an increasing business, if you wo rk at home, you are going to have to find out a work routine that gives you the ability to be absolutely the most productive and productive. Employ a professional digital assistant that will help you part-time or full-time. It isn't necessary for a manager to personally take care of every merchandise. Thus don't attempt to convince yourself that you have 8 hours each day to achieve your priority items. Most discover a whole lot of their time is being spent on C and D things which have minimum value. Be realistic and keep flexible. Employing time management during a normal day can help lower stress and simplifies life. You will feel in charge of your life and revel in it even more. On top of that, managing time well reduces strain and anxiety. Or spend time preparing to work, shooting the breeze, surfing the internet, fiddling with email and you're going to finish the day having traded your time for minimal outcomes. The Samples of Time Management Essay for Frontier Dnp Program Cover Up All responsibilities aren't equal. Write out your goals so that you know where you're going. Planning involves choosing tasks that have to be conducted to attain organizational targets, outlining the way the tasks have to be performed, and indicating when they need to be carried out. Write an Action Plan You don't need to know exactly what things to do, some of it you might have to to work out along the way, but you should have an overall plan of action. All About Samples of Time Management Essay for Frontier Dnp Program If you're an employer or little small business operator, time management is vital for making the the majority of your company and achieving your targets. A number of you might not believe that time management is crucial. As a lot of the articles on time management aren't practical for the majority of us, we just read them and forget. Learn what the top four time management issues are and why they're so important. Time management is a toug h endeavor for even the most organized men and women. Developing and utilizing fantastic time management skills is essential to managing personal stress levels. There are numerous time management techniques available, naturally. Time management programs usually concentrate on your own personal productivity, analyzing how you decide to devote your time. The One Thing to Do for Samples of Time Management Essay for Frontier Dnp Program Focus List In order to acquire the most essential work done you need to understand what the most important work is at any certain point in time. Folks will find themselves thinking that twenty four hours in 1 day is simply not enough. Understand what you will accomplish the following day. Know what to deal with first, make the decisions which is likely to make your plans work out to the very best way. Ok, I Think I Understand Samples of Time Management Essay for Frontier Dnp Program, Now Tell Me About Samples of Time Management Essay for Fronti er Dnp Program! Each and every day, you take part in many time-consuming pursuits which don't include things like marketing. No'' is sometimes hard to say because you are taught differently. Life without any sort of organization is extremely stressful and not as productive. The Do's and Don'ts of Samples of Time Management Essay for Frontier Dnp Program You've probably heard that writing articles is an excellent way to market your business. You find a unique sort of stress management n5 question papers. Learn the real issue with time management in this informative article from the author of the new bookIgnited. Learn the true issue with time management in this informative article from the author of the new book Ignited. The Advantages of Samples of Time Management Essay for Frontier Dnp Program When developing your `to do' list you'll also be in a position to be aware the estimated amount of time you will have to finish each endeavor. Be sure to notice every time you start and stop each endeavor. You will be more productive maxing out a couple of things rather than bouncing from task to task. When a job is finished, all emotional energy linked to that task should be published. The Awful Side of Samples of Time Management Essay for Frontier Dnp Program Could you simply earn a rule they must work an 8 hour day. Keep the time log for no less than a week. All you may have to do is keep busy approximately half of the moment. It is very important to manage time wisely.

The Defense Mechanisms Of An Unconscious Level And Help...

Freud also believed that the ego exercises a range of defense mechanisms in order to deal with conflict and problems in life. Defense mechanisms operate at an unconscious level and help relief unpleasant feelings. There are many ego defense mechanisms, but a few examples of these include: regression, denial, projection, displacement, repression, and sublimation. Regression is when a person is so overwhelmed with their current issue that to protect themselves, they retreat to actions from an earlier stage of development. Denial, as the name suggests, involves completely blocking out external events from awareness. If a situation is too much to handle, the person denies that it’s occurring. Projection is the transfer of your own thoughts, motivations, desires, or emotions to another. Displacement is the transfer of energy created by one object to another. Repression is occurs when a person buries traumatic material into the unconscious. Sublimation is to satisfy an impulse with a substitute object in a socially acceptable way. Although these defense mechanisms may seem unethical, they should also sound somewhat familiar because we all partake in these. In fact, ego defenses are not necessarily unhealthy, the lack of these defenses, or the inability to use them effectively can often lead to problems in life. However, employing the defenses at the wrong time or overusing them, can be equally destructive. Freud considered dreams to be the, â€Å"royal road to the unconscious,† as itShow MoreRelated Depression in Children and Adolescents Essay3662 Words   |  15 Pagesproblems sleeping or concentrating, and feelings of worthlessness. These symptoms of depression fall into four categories: mood, cognitive, behavioral, and physical. Depression affects how individuals feel, think, behave, and how their bodies work. 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